Different Parts of the Veda The four parts of the Vedas are the following: Samhita is the main part and has hymns, prayers, and litanies; the Brahmanas discuss the meaning of the sacrificial rites and ceremonies; the Aranyakas are forest-texts; the Upanishads are the teachings of the sages on mystical experience. As part of the Vedas the Upanishads are considered revealed scripture.

What is Prasthana Traya Vedanta philosophy acknowledges is known as Prasthana Traya (stremes of knowledge) as its three authoritative primary sources. The texts comprising the Prasthana Traya are the Upanishads, the Bhagavad-Gita and the Brahma sutra. The Upanishads are the sruti prasthana, the revealed texts (sruti - that which directly heard); the Bhagavad-Gita is the smriti prasthana, composed by sages based on their understanding of the Vedas (smriti - that which is remembered); the Brahma sutra is the nyaya prasthana, the logical text that sets forth the philosophy systematically (nyaya - logic/order). While the Upanishads and the Bhagavad-Gita are authoritative Vedanta texts, it is in the Brahma sutra that the teachings of Vedanta are set forth in a systematic and logical order. The Brahma sutra is known by many names: it is also called the Vedanta sutra, Uttara-mimamsa, Shariraka sutra and the Bhikshu sutra.

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